Which individual was referred to as "the good viceroy"?

The individual referred to as "the good viceroy" is Mendoza. Antonio de Mendoza served as the first viceroy of New Spain from 1535 to 1549 and is often celebrated for his leadership and administrative reforms during a critical period in the early colonial history of Mexico. His governance is marked by efforts to improve the welfare of indigenous populations through the establishment of mines, churches, and schools, as well as fostering economic growth and agriculture.

Mendoza's policies contrasted sharply with other colonial administrators who often exploited indigenous peoples and resources. His reputation as “the good viceroy” stems from his more humane approach and the emphasis he placed on establishing a more structured and less brutal colonial society. His positive legacy has led to a lasting recognition in the history of colonial governance in the Americas.

Other individuals mentioned, such as DeSoto and Cortez, are best known for their roles in exploration and conquest, which often involved violent encounters with native populations. Ranjel, although less prominent in mainstream history, does not carry the same legacy of benevolence associated with Mendoza. Therefore, the context of Mendoza’s accomplishments and reforms, along with his reputation for governance, solidifies his title as "the good viceroy."